1-Amazon
Google, Microsoft And IBM all are technology giants, leading in many fields and having billions of users. But there is a business segment in which they are always behind for many years. Amazon.
What should be said, that segment is not e-commerce, the sphere is tightly tied to the name Amazon. Few people know that this company also works in another area that affects billions of users and occupies the first position in the world.
Amazon's cloud computing infrastructure market share at the start of 2016 was even larger than that of Microsoft, IBM, and Google combined.
This is the field of cloud computing, with the name Amazon Web Services (AWS) and announced for the first time in 2006. At that time, many investors doubted the decision of the CEO Jeff Bezos, since this area is not related to e-commerce. At the same time, the main business segment Amazon is declining in profits, and the cost of investing in personnel, infrastructure for AWS not at all small.
In 2015, Bezos proved himself right when he announced "huge" profit from AWS. AWS brought in $12.2 billion, with a profit of $3.1 billion in 2016.
So what is Amazon Web Service?
Amazon defines its product as a "cloud computing service". Main Functions AWS these are computing, storage, security, data analysis, artificial intelligence service, platform Internet of Things...
The two most popular services AWS this Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) And Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3). Both of these services provide users with unlimited resources for storage, computing with the ability to quickly change the amount of work. This is also a common strength of cloud computing: flexibility in the use of resources and costs helps individual developers to be able to work with the equivalent infrastructure to large technology corporations.
A lot of well-known names are now clients of AWS how Netflix, Twitter, New York Times, Nasdaq. For these companies, infrastructure rental Amazon instead of self-development, it helps them to focus on other issues in technology, business, as the technical director once said Netflix. He also praised cloud computing as a good and flexible solution for companies such as Netflix when the user's need can lead to a rapid expansion of the infrastructure.
It's no coincidence that Amazon involved in this seemingly unrelated realm. In the early 2000s, they had a system that helped build websites for online sales. But at work Amazon encountered problems in the expansion of infrastructure and complexity with the software system. This is the moment when the engineers provided a freer and simpler solution.
When they realized that they could provide services beyond Amazon. Benjamin Black, a group member suggested an idea Jeff Bezos. The CEO really liked this idea and even introduced a platform that would allow anyone, even students living in dorms, to be able to work with tools to start a technology company.
So far this idea is correct, only it has been extended to the whole world.
Google And Microsoft certainly could not miss this potential market. Now, these two tech giants also have a product to compete with AWS, but they cannot catch the speed of providing new properties as Amazon. Market share of "Cloud Computing" Amazon almost equal to the share Google, Microsoft And sales force put together.
Amazon's business continues to grow rapidly, but the growth rate is declining. This was to be expected given the high sales volumes the company has achieved, notes Quartz.
The AWS division brought to Amazon more than 11% of revenue and more than a half of profit at the end of 2018. Profit in the cloud business in 2018 amounted to $7.3 billion compared to $4.33 billion a year earlier.
Profit increases despite rising costs. In 2018, they were measured at $18.36 billion, while in 2017 they were $13.13 billion.
In 2018, Amazon's entire revenue jumped 31%, and AWS contributed 47% to this rise. This is more than the contribution of the North American market (33%) and other countries combined (21%).
At Amazon's quarterly and annual earnings conference call, Amazon's CFO Brian Olsavsky said spending on buildings and equipment used to run cloud services will increase in 2019.
In 2018, AWS services covered two new regions, and by the first half of 2020, it is planned to master four more regions and 12 new availability zones within these regions.
AWS added many new customers in 2018, including Ellie Mae, Korean Air, Santander Openbank, and Pac-12. Mobileye and Guardian Life Insurance have named AWS as their cloud provider of choice, while the National Bank of Australia has selected AWS as its long-term cloud adoption partner.
Growth of revenue in a segment of software platform solutions based on AI for 106.3%
History
2019
Amazon copies open source software and sells it in its cloud
In mid-December 2019, The New York Times (NYT) published an article that revealed that Amazon was taking open source software and selling it on its cloud infrastructure. The company reacted to this publication and denies everything.
During 2019, there were several media reports about how the business of software manufacturers was undermined: the Amazon Web Services (AWS) division used free versions of their products and began to offer them as a fully managed cloud service.
For example, NYT reviewers cite Elastic. From her, as stated in the article, Amazon copied open source software and integrated it into its new Elasticsearch service. It turned out that Elastic began to compete with AWS, offering a service built on open source software, for the development and support of which the company spent time and money. Elastic sued Amazon, alleging that a competitor was illegally using its trademark.
The dishonesty of Amazon and other developers has led open source vendors to divide their products into open source and licensed ones. The latter are intended for organizations wishing to use the product as a cloud service. MongoDB and Redis, for example, have switched to such a business model, according to the ComputerWeekly portal.
Although open source software is generally free, vendors make money from such products by providing support services to organizations, providing updates and bug fixes on a commercial basis.
Previously, software mostly had to be installed on client servers, but with the advent of public cloud services such as AWS, this need has disappeared. The fact is that the software is hosted in the cloud, and its manufacturer offers customers a full product management service.
NYT journalists interviewed several industry experts, and they spoke about Amazon's complex relationship with the Open Source community. Developers' main gripe is that the company, they say, is taking an open source product and embedding its code into its AWS platform. Amazon then offers software that the company claims is fully compatible with the original open source project, but is distributed as a service on AWS.
| In recent years, there has been a shift in the monetization of open source projects. As major cloud providers began offering the same services as open source software vendors, the original Open Source business models were under threat, says Aiven CTO and co-founder Heikki Nousiainen. - However, in the end, it is the users who dictate what they will work with in the future. And these users prefer true open source licenses more and look for licenses that reflect the tradition of the Open Source community. |
Andi Gutmans, vice president of analytics and ElastiCache solutions at AWS, said in response to the NYT publication that open projects allow any company to use software on their computers or in the cloud, as well as run services based on them.
Launching Veeam Backup for AWS
ARIS Cloud Solution Availability
On August 1, 2019 it became known that the ARIS Cloud solution of Software AG company became available in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Marketplace catalog. Customers can now purchase it directly as software as a service (SaaS). Read more.
2018: The number of vacancies of specialists in Amazon Web Services grew by 107.15% in three years
In December 2018, job search portal Indeed published a study reporting on the rapidly growing demand for cloud computing professionals.
So, by the end of 2018, the number of vacancies that require Google Cloud knowledge soared by 1082% compared to three years ago. In the case of Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure clouds, growth rates were 107.15% and 165.9%, respectively. Read more.
2017
Record revenue of $17.5 billion
In 2017, Amazon Web Services (AWS) revenue was $17.5 billion, up from $12.2 billion a year earlier. Amazon's cloud business profits rose from $3.1 billion to $4.3 billion during this time.
The division responsible for cloud services brings Amazon all the profits and about 10% of revenue. In 2016, the latter indicator was measured at 9%.
At the same time in division expenses continue to grow: in the 2017th they exceeded $13 billion whereas in 2016 they made $9.1 billion.
According to Amazon CFO Brian Olsavsky, AWS reached $20 billion in 12-month revenue during 2017.
As GeekWire points out, Amazon's cloud business grew in 2017 despite strong competition from Microsoft and other companies. At the same time, Amazon's competitors do not disclose revenues from services designed to deploy cloud infrastructure, which the American Internet giant specializes in. Judging by the results of AWS, the division is unlikely to have lost at least some share of this market, the publication adds.
During a conference on the publication of financial statements, Brian Olsavsky rejected the possibility of a spin-off of Amazon Web Services. According to the top manager, such a restructuring can be effective on the one hand, but on the other hand it will become a big problem. Both Amazon and AWS get more out of working together, although to some extent they function separately from each other, Olsavsky said.
Several major companies became AWS customers in 2017, including Expedia, Ellucian, DigitalGlobe, and The Walt Disney Company.
1300 new features
At the AWS re:Invent conference, which took place in Las Vegas from November 27 to December 1, 2017, Amazon announced a massive upgrade to its cloud infrastructure.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) solutions received 1,300 new features, up from just over 1,000 in 2016.
Among the cloud innovations presented as part of AWS re:Invent 2017, it is worth highlighting the SageMaker service, designed to create a machine learning model. SageMaker implements ten well-known supervised and unsupervised learning algorithms. Processes can be run in parallel on dozens of instances, which greatly speeds up model building.
Solutions such as Amazon Rekognition (identifies objects and faces in user videos), Amazon Transcribe (speech-to-text), Amazon Translate (language translator) and Amazon Comprehend (analyzes text for key phrases and emotional coloring) were also presented.
In addition, new tools for Amazon Web Services allow you to record phone calls and analyze them, for example, determining whether a customer is satisfied with communication with an employee of the company or not. Thanks to these technologies, leaders of organizations can monitor the activities of their subordinates and train them.
Launch of the Secret Region service
Main article: Amazon Secret Region
According to an official statement from Amazon, Amazon S3 technical support workers were carrying out regular maintenance of the billing system, for which they needed to disable several servers of the payment system. A simple typo resulted in "more servers than planned" going down. Among the disabled were the servers that ensured the performance of the other two S3 subsystems.
The AWS Service Health Dashboard (SHD) system, which displays the status of all S3 services, also functioned incorrectly: when almost nothing was working, SHD showed that everything was in order. Amazon had to keep customers informed about the real situation via Twitter.
Disabled systems could not be restored for five hours. As it turned out, some of the deactivated servers have not been restarted for many years. And because S3 has grown significantly in recent years, "the process of restarting these services and performing the necessary metadata security and integrity checks has taken longer than expected."
As a result of the Amazon cloud outage, major sites and services using S3 hosting were experiencing disruptions. In particular, there were problems with the Apple Music music service. In addition, popular Western news outlets, including The Verge and Business Insider, have had problems hosting images for the site. The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) also suffered.
AWS S3 also powers popular services such as Netflix, Spotify, and Airbnb. While none of these services went offline as a result of the crash, users have complained about bugs and slowdowns.
By approximately 1:00 a.m. on Wednesday, March 1, 2017, Amazon had fully restored S3, after which there were no problems. Media called this incident the largest Internet collapse since 2015.
After this failure, Amazon announced plans to implement new systems to ensure business continuity. As expected, the new measures will minimize the likelihood of "collapse" of tens of thousands of network resources due to a simple typo.
It is also planned to make changes to the overall architecture of S3 to speed up the recovery of servers after a planned or unplanned outage.
More than 148,000 websites and 122,000 unique domains use Amazon S3, mostly located in the United States, according to SimilarTech. Amazon cloud services are preferred by 0.8% of the top million sites on the Internet. By comparison, CloudFlare is used by 6.2% of sites.
Amazon increases the cost of services in Russia
2016
Record revenue of $12 billion
After the release of financial statements, Amazon shares fell in price by more than 4% in electronic trading after the close of the exchange on February 2, 2017. The decline came as the company's fourth-quarter earnings and first-quarter guidance came in below Wall Street's expectations.
3 Reasons Why AWS Is Successful
At the end of July 2016, Amazon management spoke about the main factors due to which the online retailer came close to becoming the first company in the world with annual cloud revenue of $10 billion.
In the first half of 2016, Amazon Web Services (AWS) generated $5.5 billion in revenue, which means that Amazon Web Services could generate $11 billion in revenue for the full year.
1. Functionality and pace of innovation development. In January-June 2016, the AWS infrastructure was replenished with 422 new services and functions against 722 for the whole of 2015. Olsavsky noted that Amazon continues to develop important areas such as data analytics and machine learning.
2. Partners and Ecosystem. In the second quarter of 2016, AWS attracted such a giant of the cloud industry as Salesforce.com, and also entered into contracts with a number of large customers (GE Oil & Gas, Kellogg "s, Brooks Brothers, etc.) who decided to use AWS running in the cloud In addition, AWS expanded its infrastructure by opening a new data center in India, bringing the number of regions where Amazon data centers have been launched to 13.
3. An experience. Brian Olsavsky said that Amazon is a pioneer in the public cloud market. A strong start allowed the company to break away from competitors and by the end of July 2016 earn four times more in the cloud market than the closest pursuer Microsoft Azure.
At the same time, the financial director of Amazon does not exclude that competitors can expand their presence, given the large size of the public cloud market. However, AWS will still remain the leader, he assured.
Salesforce.com leases Amazon data centers for $400 million for 4 years
2015
Growth of revenue to $8 billion
Q1: Cloud business revenue up 50% to $1.57 billion
Revenue from the cloud business, compared to the previous year, grew by almost 50% and reached $1.57 billion, which accounted for about 7% of the total income of the online retailer. The division's operating income rose 8% to $265 million, a solid margin of 16.9%.
Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon, said: "Amazon Web Services is a $5 billion business and growing at an ever-increasing rate."
Frankfurt has a developed network infrastructure. It's easier to find a dedicated fiber optic cable from Paris to Frankfurt than it is to Ireland, Amazon notes. At the same time, service in the Frankfurt center will be somewhat more expensive than in Ireland due to higher electricity prices, salaries and other costs. The center will operate two accessibility zones with independent power supply, cooling and security, connected by a high-speed network.
Gartner Magic Quadrant
Strengths: AWS has built its cloud to handle almost any workload, making it popular with small businesses, mission-critical organizations, and web developers. No one disputes the vendor's market share - according to Gartner (2014), Amazon sells 5 times more computing power than the other 14 companies in the quadrant combined.
What to Consider: The biggest complaint about AWS is that all "add-ons" are paid separately. Amazon doesn't create prepackaged services like some of its competitors. This lack of service and support is particularly repulsive to some users, as these points mean an extra line of expense on their bills for services.
2011
In February, 2011 it became known of the conclusion of the agreement on providing technical support and optimization of work of Citrix products and Windows applications which are launched based on Amazon Web Services (AWS). The agreement will improve the compatibility and performance of AWS-based Windows applications while ensuring that the Xen virtual platform is constantly updated. Citrix plans to optimize the deployment of Citrix XenServer, a commercial server virtualization platform, in this way, which will provide users with an easy transition from enterprise data centers to Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) infrastructure. As a result, AWS customers will benefit from Citrix's rich experience in virtualization and Windows Application Delivery Optimization. The collaboration between Citrix and Amazon Web Services will bring users the following benefits:
- Expanded Interoperability – Through collaboration, XenServer customers will be able to take advantage of the scalable and flexible AWS infrastructure and pay-per-service cloud computing. XenServer users can now easily connect, migrate, and manage virtual machines on both AWS-based and on-premises XenServer installations.
- Optimized for Windows - As an expert in Windows virtualization and delivery, Citrix will leverage AWS technologies and optimize Windows copies for enterprise deployment of Windows applications on the AWS platform.
- Enhanced Cloud Solutions – Citrix will enhance essential cloud solutions for enterprise users such as disaster recovery, on-demand application delivery, improved security and regulatory compliance.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud users will be able to use Oracle Database 11g in the second quarter of 2011 as part of the Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS). Holders of valid Oracle licenses will be able to start using the service immediately at no additional cost. It will also be possible to use Oracle in a rental mode with hourly payment for actually used computing power. Oracle will be fully integrated into the existing AWS infrastructure, and users will be able to request the required resources in a self-service mode using a unified web interface. They will also be able to somewhat reduce the cost of maintaining the DBMS, since backups, installation of updates, and some other administrative tasks will be performed on the Amazon side. Currently, Oracle is not yet available under Amazon RDS, but Amazon is offering interested users to try the service on a free IaaS database, and has also received dubious status from them as the owner of the worst quality of service agreement. However, a similar agreement for the recently launched HP Compute Cloud could be even worse.
Both Amazon and HP's agreements include a set of strict conditions that customers must meet in order for the QoS guarantees to take effect. For example, AWS requires applications to be hosted in at least two availability zones (separate data centers), and the agreement will be considered violated only if both zones fail. HP guarantees customers compensation only when all areas are unavailable. Thus, the analyst believes, it is almost impossible for customers to achieve compensation for failures of the cloud system. Amazon and HP agreements don't even work in case of CRN storage failures)
According to the company's expert Dmitry Bestuzhev, the Amazon cloud contains many inclusions of malicious code that can steal financial data. Some also believe that hackers used Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) cloud services to launch one of the attacks on the Sony online entertainment network in April and May.
"Recently there have been reports that the Amazon cloud has served as a platform for successful attacks on Sony," Bestuzhev writes in a blog post about Amazon's troubles. “Well, today I discovered that Amazon Web Services [the cloud] is now being used to seed code that steals financial information.”
He discovered that the cybercriminals behind these attacks were located in Brazil and used several previously registered accounts. Bestuzhev writes that he alerted Amazon to the presence of malicious code, but 12 hours later, the dangerous links were still there and active.
These attacks on Sony, writes Bestuzhev, and the discovery of malicious links in the Amazon cloud indicate that cybercriminals are increasingly using official cloud services as a springboard for their attacks.
The financial data theft code he discovered comes in several forms; it is delivered to the victim's computer and acts in a variety of ways, writes Bestuzhev. In one such case, it acts as a rootkit; it looks for four different antiviruses and blocks their execution, as well as the GBPluggin special protection program used by many Brazilian banks for online transactions. This code is capable of stealing financial information from nine Brazilian and two international banks, stealing Microsoft Live Messenger identification information, digital certificates used by eTokens in their system, as well as CPU information, hard drive volume number, PC name and other data used by some banks to login authentication.
The malicious code on Amazon sends the stolen data in two ways: via email to the cybercriminal's Google Gmail account, or via a special php file that inserts it into a remote database. Not only that, writes Bestuzhev, the malicious code is protected by official anti-piracy software called The Enigma Protector to make it difficult to decompile.
All this shows, writes Bestuzhev, that cybercriminals will find more and more ways to use the cloud to launch their attacks, and cloud providers should strengthen their protection measures.
“I believe that official cloud services will continue to be used by criminals for various types of cyber attacks,” Bestuzhev writes. "Cloud vendors should consider improving their monitoring systems and expanding security personnel to effectively mitigate attack attempts from and through their cloud."
2010
Improving the toolkit for developing mobile applications
In 2010, Amazon announced the release of tools to make it easier for developers to create mobile applications with access to the Amazon Web Services (AWS) platform. This was reported in the company's blog. AWS is a set of cloud services, including a storage service (Amazon S3), a database hosting service, and an instant messaging platform. All this can now be done with the appropriate development kit: AWS SDK SDK for PHP , which makes it easy to develop PHP applications to run in the Amazon cloud. The toolkit is designed to use PHP versions 5.2 and higher. With it, developers can build applications that use various elements of the Amazon cloud: Simle Storage Service (S3), Elastic Computing Cloud (EC2), and the SimpleDB database. The development kit is based on the CloudFusion toolkit. The AWS SDK for PHP includes an API library, code samples, and documentation. You can also contact Amazon for guidance on migrating from CloudFusion 2.5 to the AWS SDK for PHP. As emphasized by Amazon, CloudFusion will continue to exist as an open project. The APIs that accompany Amazon cloud services can be used in any programming language. However, to ensure ease of use, the company offers ready-made development kits for a number of platforms: Java, Microsoft .NET, and now PHP.
Cloud hosting is computing power with the possibility of flexible expansion and load distribution. For example, you have a project with low attendance, but you expect a sharp influx of visitors. Then it will be beneficial for you to be hosted in the cloud. You can take the minimum tariff, and when the load increases, migrate to a more expensive tariff. All this will take you only a few minutes, and there will be no need to transfer data.
Let's say you have one instance (an instance of a running operating system) in the cloud, and the influx of visitors occurs in bursts. You can add several more instances that will turn on and distribute the load among themselves only at peak loads. Another benefit of cloud hosting is that you only pay for what you actually use. True, it will be somewhat more expensive than regular shared hosting, but for a higher price you will get the service, convenience and reliability that you will never get when using shared hosting.
In this review, let's take a look at Western major market participants: such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Rackspace, as they provide the most flexible, complete and high-quality services. Separately, let's talk about Linode, a provider that rents VPS in the cloud. It is worth mentioning right away that these companies do not provide technical support in Russian.
Amazon Web Services (AWS)
AWS is a constructor from which you can assemble an arbitrarily complex, distributed network infrastructure. In addition, Amazon provides the first year of using the service for free during the year, provided that you do not exceed the limits of the service (if you exceed, you will have to pay according to the usual tariff plan). It is enough to try cloud hosting for free. AWS is very handy when you need to deploy many of the same instances. AWS Free Usage Tier includes:
EC2 (Instances - OS Virtual Machines)
- 750 hours of Linux or Windows Server virtual machine (613 MB RAM, 32-bit or 64-bit platform) - enough hours to run an instance each month
- 750 hours of Elastic Load Balancer plus 15 GB of traffic processing
- 30 GB Amazon Elastic Block Storage, plus 2 million IOPS and 1 GB snapshot storage.
- 15 GB traffic
S3 (file storage)
- 5 GB Amazon S3 standard storage, 20,000 Get requests and 2,000 Put requests
Relational Database Service (relational database service, RDS)
- 750 hours of service to run MySQL, Oracle BYOL or SQL Server
- 20 GB database storage
- 10 million I/Os
- 20 GB backup storage for automatic backup of your database and the ability to create a database snapshot
Amazon has a calculator for calculating the consumption of services provided. There are three types of tariffs: on-demand, spot, reserved. On-demand is a regular virtualization VPS. Spot is the same as on-demand, only the same high uptime is not guaranteed. Spot works as long as the price you offered is higher than the average price for the same instance. And reserved is a long-term on-demand instance discount that can be purchased. Relatively speaking, if you use an on-demand instance for $23 for a long time, then to switch to the reserved plan and pay $12 per month, you need to pay $50 in a lump sum. Amazon pricing links:
In addition, it is worth mentioning Amazon's global infrastructure, namely data centers. Amazon has 12 data centers in North America, 8 in Europe, 1 in South America, and 5 in Asia. That is, on Amazon you can get decent speed and ping from almost anywhere in the world.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a secure cloud services platform that provides computing power, access to storage, databases, content delivery services, and other functionalities to help you scale and grow your business.
Sounds cool =) But in practice it is very scary. There are a lot of services there. What, why, for what and how??? Here's a little cheat sheet for Amazon services.
Services "Run an App:
EC2 |
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| Should be called Amazon Virtual Servers | Scope of application Host things that you think are computers. | Looks like VPS provided by Linode, DigitalOcean and Rackspace |
IAM |
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| Should be called Users, Keys and Certs | Scope of application Set up users, add new AWS Keys and certificates. |
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S3 |
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| Should be called Amazon Unlimited FTP Server | Scope of application Store photos and other materials for sites. Keep backups and files in the public domain. Keep static sites. By the way, many services also store their data in S3. |
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VPC |
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| Should be called Amazon Virtual Colocated Rack | Scope of application Add an extra layer of protection to everything you store online. Make it look like all of your AWS services are in one small network, rather than scattered across a huge one. | Looks like VLANs if you are network savvy |
Lambda |
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| Should be called AWS App Scripts | Scope of application Run small snippets in JS, Java or Python to perform individual tasks. |
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Services for a web developer
API Gateways |
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|---|---|---|
| Should be called API Proxy | Scope of application Proxy your application's APIs through this service to process traffic, test new versions, and more. | Looks like 3Scale |
RDS |
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| Should be called Amazon SQL | Scope of application Simultaneously MySQL-, Postgres-, and Oracle-DB for your application. | Looks like Heroku Postgres |
Route53 |
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| Should be called Amazon DNS + Domains | Scope of application Buy a new domain and set up DNS records. | Looks like DNSimple, GoDaddy, Gandhi |
SES |
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| Should be called Amazon Transactional Email | Scope of application Send single emails (to change passwords, deliver notifications, etc.). You can also use it as a newspaper if you sell it, but it's better not to. | Looks like SendGrid, Mandrill, Postmark |
cloudfront |
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| Should be called Amazon CDN | Scope of application Speed up site loading by optimally distributing the delivery of static files to users. | Looks like MaxCDN, Akamai |
CloudSearch |
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| Should be called Amazon Fulltext Search | Scope of application Get all the data from S3 or RDS and look for what you need in them. | Looks like Sphinx, Solr, Elasticsearch |
DynamoDB |
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| Should be called Amazon NoSQL | Scope of application A scalable keystore for your application. | Looks like MongoLab |
elasticache |
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| Should be called Amazon Memcached | Scope of application Memcached or Redis for your application. | Looks like Redis to Go, Memcachier |
Elastic Transcoder |
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| Should be called Amazon Beginning Cut Pro | Scope of application Processing various video oddities (formats, compression, etc.). |
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SQS |
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| Should be called Amazon Queue | Scope of application Store data for further processing in a queue. | Looks like RabbitMQ, Sidekiq |
WAF |
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| Should be called AWS Firewall | Scope of application Block dangerous requests to sites protected by Cloudfront (don't let people try to guess 10,000 passwords for /wp-admin). | Looks like Sophos, Kapersky |
Services for mobile developers
Cognito |
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|---|---|---|
| Should be called Amazon OAuth as a Service | Scope of application Allow users to login with Google, Facebook, etc. | Looks like OAuth.io |
device farm |
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| Should be called Amazon Drawer of Old Android Devices | Scope of application Test your app on multiple iOS and Android devices at the same time. | Looks like MobileTest, iOS emulator |
Mobile Analytics |
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| Should be called Spot on Name, Amazon Product Managers take note | Scope of application Keep track of what users are doing in your applications. | Looks like Flurry |
SNS |
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| Should be called Amazon Messenger | Scope of application Send mobile notification, letters and/or SMS. | Looks like UrbanAirship, Twilio |
Services for code injection
CodeCommit |
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|---|---|---|
| Should be called Amazon GitHub | Scope of application Version control of your code. | Looks like Github, BitBucket |
Code Deploy |
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| Should be called And so good | Scope of application Upload your code from the CodeCommit (or Github) repository to multiple EC2 entities. | Looks like Heroku, Capistrano |
CodePipeline |
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| Should be called Amazon Continuous Integration | Scope of application Run automated tests of your code and make the necessary changes. | Looks like CircleCI Travis |
EC2 Container Service |
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| Should be called Amazon Docker as a Service | Scope of application Place a Dockerfile on an EC2 entity to run the site. |
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Elastic Beanstalk |
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| Should be called Amazon Platform as a Service | Scope of application Migrate your app from Heroku to AWS when you can't afford the first one. | Looks like Heroku, BlueMix, Modulus |
Corporate Services
AppStream |
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|---|---|---|
| Should be called Amazon Citrix | Scope of application Place a copy of the Windows application on the Windows system that you are granting remote access to. | Looks like Citrix RDP |
Direct Connect |
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| Should be called | Scope of application Pay for dedicated line access from your data center or network to AWS. | Looks like Tunnel to bypass the traffic jam |
Directory Service |
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| Should be called Actually a very accurate name. | Scope of application Consolidate applications that require Microsoft Active Directory to manage. |
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WorkDocs |
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| Should be called Amazon Unstructured Files | Scope of application Share Word documents with colleagues. | Looks like Dropbox, Data Anywhere |
Workmail |
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| Should be called Amazon Company Email | Scope of application Set up the same mail system and calendar for everyone in the company. | Looks like Google Apps for Domains |
Workspaces |
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| Should be called Amazon Remote Computer | Scope of application Interface for remote computer control. |
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Service Catalog |
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| Should be called Amazon Setup Already | Scope of application Give all AWS users in your group access to the applications you write so they don't have to read guides like this. |
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Storage Gateway |
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| Should be called S3 that considers itself part of your corporate network | Scope of application Stop buying storage space for Word documents. Make it easy to transfer files from the network to S3. |
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Big Data services
data pipeline |
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|---|---|---|
| Should be called Amazon ETL | Scope of application Extract, Process and Store all data from AWS, as well as set up schedules and receive error messages. |
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Elastic Map Reduce |
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| Should be called Amazon Hadooper | Scope of application Handle large amounts of text or raw data stored in S3. | Looks like treasure data |
Glacier |
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| Should be called Very slow Amazon S3 | Scope of application Make backups of backups stored in S3. Reserves for a rainy day. |
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Kinesis |
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| Should be called Amazon High Throughput | Scope of application Quickly save large amounts of data (like analytics or a list of people retweeting Kanye West) to analyze later. | Looks like Kafka |
RedShift |
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| Should be called Amazon Data Warehouse | Scope of application Store analytical data, process it and upload it. |
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machine learning |
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| Should be called skynet | Scope of application Predict behavior based on current data to solve various problems. |
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SWF |
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| Should be called Amazon EC2 Queue | Scope of application Create a service of "thinkers" and "workers" on top of EC2 to complete the task. Unlike SQS, it has built-in logic. | Looks like iron worker |
snowball |
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| Should be called AWS Big Old Portable Storage | Scope of application AWS Snowmobile in miniature. | Looks like Shipping a Network Attached Storage device to AWS |
Services for managing AWS
Cloud Formation |
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|---|---|---|
| Should be called Amazon Services Setup | Scope of application Set up multiple related services in one go. |
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cloud trail |
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| Should be called Amazon Logging | Scope of application Log your AWS stack activity. |
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cloud watch |
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| Should be called Amazon Status Pager | Scope of application Get notified when your AWS services are misbehaving. | Looks like PagerDuty, Statuspage |
config |
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| Should be called Amazon Configuration Management | Scope of application Don't go crazy when you need to keep an eye on a large AWS system. |
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Ops Works |
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| Should be called Amazon Chef | Scope of application Control how your app runs with things like autoscaling. |
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Trusted Advisor |
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| Should be called Amazon Pennypincher | Scope of application Find out what you are paying for. |
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Inspector |
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| Should be called Amazon Auditor | Scope of application Check your AWS system for security issues. | Looks like Alert Logic |
Hello dear cloud friends!
I think that there are fewer and fewer people who have not heard about advanced technologies and services from Amazon every day. For those who are not familiar with Amazon services or are familiar, but have not yet started using it, in this article I will talk about getting started with Amazon Web Services. This article will walk you through the process of creating, running, and managing a virtual machine on an AWS infrastructure.
Go
Amazon provides new users with a number of services for free. Of course, the free use of Amazon services is possible with some restrictions. However, the limits provided are enough to try and evaluate the functionality of Amazon Web Services. Here is a set of free services and their limitations:- Virtual machines based on Amazon EC2 Linux Micro Instance only. 750 hours of use are provided free of charge, which, during the first year from the date of registration of the account, will be enough to use one EC2 instance 24/7;
- 750 hours of using the Elastic Load Balancer service + 15 gigabytes of processed data;
- 10 gigabytes in Amazon Elastic Block Storage (EBS). The free EBS limit includes 1 million I/O operations, 1 gigabyte of storage for snapshots, 10,000 get requests and 1,000 put requests for these snapshots;
- 5 gigabytes on Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) storage. The free S3 limit includes 20000 Get requests and 2000 Put requests;
- 30 gigabytes of incoming and outgoing traffic in equal proportions;
- 25 hours of work with Amazon SimpleDB and 1 gigabyte for data;
- 100,000 requests when using the Amazon Simple Queue service;
- 100,000 requests, 100,000 HTTP notifications, and 1,000 email notifications when using the Amazon Simple Notification service;
- 10 metrics, 10 alerts, and 1,000,000 API requests on Amazon Cloudwatch.
Unfortunately, using any Amazon Web Services requires the user to have a bank card (Visa, MasterCard, etc.). Without a card, the use of services will be impossible. However, during the test period, if you have not exceeded the above limits, there should be no debits of funds, with the exception of a test debit of $1. However, you need to remember that at the end of the test period, if you continue to use the services, the money will be debited automatically.
So, the account is created and verified. Shall we continue?
Let's try to create our first virtual machine (EC2 instance). It's simple - open the management console and go to the Amazon EC2 tab.Here, for starters, we need to select the region in which our EC2 instance will work and click on the button launch instance.
In Amazon terminology, Region is the regional location of the data centers where your virtual machines will run. Regions, in turn, are divided into Availability Zones. To ensure the maximum level of fault tolerance for your application, locate it in different regions, and within the region, distribute your EC2 instances across different Availability Zones. Of course, the application must support this kind of allocation.AWS services are available in data centers located in the US, Ireland, Singapore, and Japan. For users from Russia, it would be logical to use the region in Ireland (EU West Ireland).
Next, you need to select the EC2 instance type. You can create your own or use ready-made images (AMI). For simplicity, let's take a ready-made image like Basic 32-bit Amazon Linux AMI.
In the next step, select the instance type with Micro. The rest of the parameters are left unchanged. 
In the next two steps, you can make changes to the advanced settings for the instance. Let's leave these values of these settings by default and proceed to the dialog for creating a private RSA key, which, later, we will use to access the virtual machine.
On the move Create Key Pair, enter any name you like for your RSA key and after clicking on the link Create & Download your Key Pair, the key will be generated and you will be prompted to save it to your local computer. Save it in a safe place. 
The next thing you will need to do is create a Security Group for your EC2 instance. For this, step Configure Firewall, choose Create a new Security Group, and give this group any name you like. 
In fact, a Security Group is a means of providing network connection filtering for an EC2 instance. In other words, it's a firewall. Accordingly, to provide access to services that will run in your EC2 instance, you must allow access to certain TCP ports. Let's make our instance available for incoming HTTP, HTTPS, and SSH connections. Optionally, you can add additional rules.
In the next, final, step, you will be prompted to check all the previously specified settings for the EC2 instance. Here you can make changes to the parameters of the instance or immediately launch it. Just press the button launch and your instance will be up and running in a few seconds.
The list of resources used by the created EC2 instance can be viewed in the EC2 control panel. 
To view a list of the instances you have created, use the link 1 Running Instance. Select a previously created instance and get information about its state and parameters. Fix the parameter value somewhere Public DNS, we will need it later. 
Connecting to an EC2 instance
So, we created our first EC2 instance, launched the finished image with Linux OS, set up the firewall. Next, we need to somehow connect to it, look at it from the inside and do something with it.Let's make it through SSH using the previously created private RSA key. For users of Linux and other *nix systems who are not familiar with the passwordless ssh connection mechanism, I recommend reading the manual for ssh. Windows users, I think, will figure out how to proceed. You can use the functionality of the popular ssh client Putty or the Cygwin emulator.
Ok, we got the keys. And where to connect? And remember, we somewhere remembered the value of the parameter Public DNS? This is what you need to use to connect to your instance using the SSH protocol.
For those who are too lazy to read the manuals and figure out how to use the RSA key in ssh, use the following command:# ssh -i path_to_key [email protected] _dns_hostname path_to_key is the path to your private key
public_dns_hostname is the value of the Public DNS parameter
What's next?
Well, the EC2 instance was created, launched, and was even able to connect to it. Hooray! Let's start some service in it. For example, the apache web server, especially since we already have filter rules that allow access to the instance via HTTP and HTTPS protocols.- Installing the Apache web server
$ sudo yum install httpd
- And let's run it
$ sudo /etc/init.d/httpd start
- We enter the URL http://public_dns_hostname in our favorite browser and enjoy the Apache start page :)
As a reminder, public_dns_hostname is the value of the Public DNS setting for your instance.
Conclusion
Well, it turned out not to be as scary as you might imagine. All the steps to launch our first virtual machine in the Amazon AWS ecosystem took only 10-15 minutes, and the regular tool for creating and managing instances called the Amazon AWS Management Console made this process very simple and convenient.In the following articles, I will try to tell, in more detail, about other Amazon AWS services, about their configuration and management. If you have any suggestions for review topics, leave them in the comments.
