If you're looking for the fastest WiFi you need 802.11ac, it's simple. Basically, 802.11ac is an accelerated version of 802.11n (the current WiFi standard that your smartphone or laptop uses), offering link acceleration from 433 megabits per second (Mbps) to several gigabits per second. To achieve speeds that are dozens of times faster than 802.11n, 802.11ac operates exclusively in the 5GHz band, uses huge bandwidth (80-160MHz), operates with 1-8 spatial streams (MIMO), and uses a kind of technology called "beamforming" (beamforming). To learn more about what 802.11ac is and how it will eventually replace wired Gigabit Ethernet for home and work networking, we'll talk a bit later.
How 802.11ac works.
Several years ago, 802.11n introduced some interesting technology that significantly increased speed over 802.11b and g. 802.11ac works in much the same way as 802.11n. For example, while the 802.11n standard supported up to 4 spatial streams, and channel widths up to 40MHz, 802.11ac can use 8 channels, and the widths up to 80MHz, and their combination can produce 160MHz at all. Even if everything else stays the same (and it won't), it means that 802.11ac operates 8x160MHz spatial streams, compared to 4x40MHz. A huge difference that will allow you to squeeze out huge amounts of information from radio waves.
To further boost throughput, 802.11ac also introduced 256-QAM modulation (versus 64-QAM in 802.11n), which literally compresses 256 different signals of the same frequency, offsetting and intertwining each one into a different phase. In theory, this increases the spectral efficiency of 802.11ac by a factor of 4 over 802.11n. Spectral efficiency is a measure of how well a wireless protocol or multiplexing technique uses the bandwidth available to it. In the 5GHz band, in which the channels are wide enough (20MHz +), the spectral efficiency is not so important. In cellular bands, however, channels are most often 5MHz wide, making spectral efficiency extremely important.
802.11ac also introduces standardized beamforming (802.11n had it, but was not standardized, making interoperability a problem). Beamforming essentially transmits radio signals in such a way that they are directed towards a specific device. This can increase the overall bandwidth, and make it more consistent, as well as reduce power consumption. You can form a beam using a smart antenna, which physically moves in search of a device, or by modulating the amplitude and phase of the signals, so that they destructively interfere with each other, leaving a narrow, non-interfering beam. 802.11n uses the second method, which can be used by both routers and mobile devices. Finally, 802.11ac, like previous versions of 802.11, is fully backward compatible with 802.11n and 802.11g, so you can buy an 802.11ac router today and it will work just fine with your devices with older WiFi devices.
802.11ac range
In theory, at 5MHz and using beamforming, 802.11ac should have the same or better range (beams) than 802.11n. The 5MHz band, due to its lower penetrating power, does not have the same range as 2.4GHz (802.11b / g). But this is a trade-off that we have to make: we simply will not have enough spectral bandwidth in the massively used 2.4GHz band to allow the maximum speed of 802.11ac reaching the gigabit level. As long as your router is in an ideal location, or if you have more than one, don't worry. As always, the more important factor is the power transmission of your devices, and the quality of the antenna.
How Fast Is 802.11ac?
Finally, the question everyone wants to know is how fast is WiFi 802.11ac? As usual, there are two answers: the theoretically achievable speed in the laboratory, and the practical speed limit that you are likely to be content with at home in the real world, surrounded by a bunch of jamming obstructions.
The theoretical maximum speed of 802.11ac is 8 channels of 160MHz 256-QAM, each of which is capable of 866.7Mbps, which gives us 6.933Mbps, or a modest 7Gbps. The transfer rate of 900 megabytes per second is faster than transferring to a SATA 3 drive. In the real world, due to the clogging of the channel, you most likely will not get more than 2-3 160 MHz channels, so the maximum speed will stop somewhere at 1.7-2.5 Gbps. Compared to 802.11n's theoretical maximum speed of 600Mbps.
The 802.11ac Apple Airport Extreme, disassembled by the fastest iFixit router to date (April 2015), includes the D-Link AC3200 Ultra Wi-Fi Router (DIR-890L / R), Linksys Smart Wi-Fi Router AC 1900 (WRT1900AC), and Trendnet AC1750 Dual-Band Wireless Router (TEW-812DRU) as reported by PCMag. With these routers, you should definitely expect impressive speeds from 802.11ac, but don't bite off your Gigabit Ethernet cable for now.
In Anandtech's 2013 benchmark, they tested a WD MyNet AC1300 802.11ac router (up to three streams) paired with a number of 802.11ac devices that supported 1-2 streams. The fastest transfer rate was achieved by an Intel 7260 laptop with an 802.11ac wireless adapter, which used two streams to achieve 364Mbps at a distance of just 1.5m. At 6m and over the wall, the same laptop was the fastest, but the top speed was 140MB / s. The fixed speed limit for the Intel 7260 was 867MB / s (2 streams at 433MB / s).
For situations where you do not need the maximum performance and reliability of wired GigE, 802.11ac is truly attractive. Rather than cluttering your living room with an Ethernet cable running to your home theater from your PC under your TV, it makes more sense to use 802.11ac, which has enough bandwidth to deliver the highest definition wireless content to your HTPC. For all but the most demanding cases, 802.11ac is a very worthy replacement for Ethernet.
The future of 802.11ac
802.11ac will get even faster. As we mentioned earlier, the theoretical maximum speed of 802.11ac is a modest 7Gbps, and until we get there in the real world, we shouldn't be surprised at the 2Gbps mark in the next few years. At 2Gbps, you get a transfer rate of 256Mbps, and suddenly Ethernet will be used less and less until it disappears. To achieve these speeds, chipset and device manufacturers will have to figure out how to implement four or more channels for 802.11ac, both software and hardware.
We present how Broadcom, Qualcomm, MediaTek, Marvell and Intel are already making strong strides in providing 4-8 channels for 802.11ac to integrate the latest routers, access points, and mobile devices. But until the 802.11ac specification is finalized, a second wave of chipsets and devices is unlikely to emerge. Device and chipset manufacturers will have to do a lot of work to ensure that advanced technologies such as beamforming are compliant and fully interoperable with other 802.11ac devices.
There are several types of WLAN networks, which differ in signal organization, data transmission rates, network coverage radius, and characteristics of radio transmitters and receivers. The most widely used wireless networks are IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, IEEE 802.11ac and others.
The 802.11a and 802.11b specifications were first approved in 1999, however, the most widespread are devices made according to the 802.11b standard.
Wi-Fi 802.11b standard
Standard 802.11b Based on Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) modulation. The entire operating range is divided into 14 channels spaced 25 MHz to eliminate mutual interference. Data is transmitted over one of these channels without switching to others. Simultaneous use of only 3 channels is possible. The baud rate may automatically change depending on the level of interference and the distance between the transmitter and receiver.
The IEEE 802.11b standard realizes a maximum theoretical transmission rate of 11 Mbps, which is comparable to 10 BaseT Ethernet cabling. Please note that this speed is possible when transferring data from one WLAN device. If a larger number of subscriber stations are simultaneously operating in the environment, then the bandwidth is distributed among all and the data transmission rate per user decreases.
Wi-Fi 802.11a standard
Standard 802.11a was adopted in 1999, however, it has found its application only since 2001. This standard is mainly used in the USA and Japan. In Russia and in Europe, it has not become widespread.
The 802.11a standard uses a signal modulation scheme called Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The main data stream is split into multiple parallel substreams at a relatively low bit rate, and then an appropriate number of carriers are applied to modulate them. The standard defines three mandatory data rates (6, 12 and 24 Mbit / s) and five additional (9, 18, 24, 48 and 54 Mbit / s). It is also possible to use two channels simultaneously, which doubles the data transfer rate.
Wi-Fi 802.11g standard
Standard 802.11g it was finally approved in June 2003. It is a further enhancement of the IEEE 802.11b specification and implements data transmission in the same frequency range. The main advantage of this standard is the increased throughput - the data transfer rate in the radio channel reaches 54 Mbit / s compared to 11 Mbit / s for 802.11b. Like IEEE 802.11b, the new specification operates in the 2.4GHz band, but uses the same signal modulation scheme as 802.11a — Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) — to increase speed.
The 802.11g standard is compatible with 802.11b. So 802.11b adapters can work in 802.11g networks (but not faster than 11 Mbps), and 802.11g adapters can reduce the data transfer rate to 11 Mbps to work in older 802.11b networks.
Wi-Fi 802.11n standard
Standard 802.11 n was ratified on September 11, 2009. It increases the data transfer rate by almost 4 times compared to standard devices 802.11g (whose maximum speed is 54 Mbps), when used in 802.11n mode with other 802.11n devices. The maximum theoretical data transfer rate is 600 Mbps, using data transmission over four antennas at once. One antenna - up to 150 Mbit / s.
802.11n devices operate in the 2.4 - 2.5 or 5.0 GHz frequency bands.
The IEEE 802.11n standard is based on OFDM-MIMO technology. Most of the functionality is borrowed from the 802.11a standard, however, in the IEEE 802.11n standard it is possible to use both the frequency range adopted for the IEEE 802.11a standard and the frequency range adopted for the IEEE 802.11b / g standards. Thus, devices that support the IEEE 802.11n standard can operate in either the 5 or 2.4 GHz frequency range, with the specific implementation depending on the country. For Russia, devices of the IEEE 802.11n standard will support the 2.4 GHz frequency range.
The increase in the transmission speed in the IEEE 802.11n standard is achieved due to: doubling the channel width from 20 to 40 MHz, as well as due to the implementation of MIMO technology.
Wi-Fi 802.11ac standard
The 802.11ac standard is a further development of the technologies introduced into the 802.11n standard. In the specifications, 802.11ac devices are classified as VHT (Very High Throughput) - with veryhigh throughput. 802.11ac networks operate exclusively in the 5 GHz band. The radio channel bandwidth can be 20, 40, 80 and 160 MHz. It is also possible to combine two 80 + 80 MHz radio channels.
802.11n vs. 802.11ac
|
802.11 n |
802.11ac |
|
Bandwidth 20 and 40 MHz |
Added channel width 80 and 160 MHz |
|
2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands |
5 GHz only |
|
Supports modulation |
Added 256-QAM to 2-PM, 4-PM, 16-QAM and 64-QAM modulations |
|
Single-user MIMO transmission |
Multi-user MIMO transmission |
|
Aggregation of MAC frames: A-MSDU, A-MPDU |
Advanced MAC frame aggregation capabilities |
Sources:
1. A.N. Steputin, A.D. Nikolaev. Mobile communications on the road to 6G ... In 2 T. - 2nd ed. - Moscow-Vologda: Infra-Engineering, 2018 .-- 804p. : ill.
2. A.E. Ryzhkov, V. A. Lavrukhin Heterogeneous radio access networks: a tutorial. - SPb. : SPbGUT, 2017 .-- 92 p.
The basic standard IEEE 802.11 was developed in 1997 for organizing wireless communication over a radio channel at a speed of up to 1 Mbit / s. in the frequency range 2.4 GHz. Optionally, that is, if there was special equipment on both sides, the speed could be increased to 2 Mbps.
Following it, in 1999, the 802.11a specification was released for the 5GHz band with a maximum achievable speed of 54 Mbps.
After that, WiFi standards were divided into two used bands:
2.4 GHz band:
The used radio frequency band is 2400-2483.5 MHz. divided into 14 channels:
| Channel | Frequency |
| 1 | 2.412 GHz |
| 2 | 2.417 GHz |
| 3 | 2.422 GHz |
| 4 | 2.427 GHz |
| 5 | 2.432 GHz |
| 6 | 2.437 GHz |
| 7 | 2.442 GHz |
| 8 | 2.447 GHz |
| 9 | 2.452 GHz |
| 10 | 2.457 GHz |
| 11 | 2.462 GHz |
| 12 | 2.467 GHz |
| 13 | 2.472 GHz |
| 14 | 2.484 GHz |
802.11b- the first modification of the basic Wi-Fi standard with speeds of 5.5 Mbit / s. and 11 Mbps. It uses DBPSK and DQPSK modulations, DSSS technology, Barker 11 and CCK coding.
802.11g- a further stage of development of the previous specification with a maximum data transfer rate of up to 54 Mbit / s (real with 22-25 Mbit / s). Backward compatible with 802.11b and wider coverage. Used: technologies DSSS and ODFM, modulation DBPSK and DQPSK, coding arker 11 and CCK.
802.11n- at the moment, the most modern and fastest WiFi standard, which has a maximum coverage in the 2.4 GHz range, and is also used in the 5GHz spectrum. Backward compatible with 802.11a / b / g. Supports channel widths of 20 and 40 MHz. The technologies used are ODFM and ODFM MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output). The maximum data transfer rate is 600 Mbit / s (while the real efficiency is on average no more than 50% of the declared one).
5 GHz band:
The used radio frequency band is 4800-5905 MHz. divided into 38 channels.
802.11a- the first modification of the basic IEEE 802.11 specification for the 5GHz radio frequency range. Supported speed - up to 54 Mbps. The technology used is OFDM, BPSK modulation, QPSK, 16-QAM. 64-QAM. The encoding used is Convoltion Coding.
802.11n- Universal WiFi standard supporting both frequency bands. It can use both 20 and 40 MHz channel widths. The maximum achievable speed limit is 600 Mbps.
802.11ac- This specification is now actively used on dual-band WiFi routers. Compared to its predecessor, it has a better coverage area and is much more economical in terms of power supply. The data transfer rate is up to 6.77 Gbps, provided that the router has 8 antennas.
802.11ad- the most modern Wi-Fi standard for today, which has additional band 60 GHz.. Has a second name - WiGig (Wireless Gigabit). The theoretically achievable data transfer rate is up to 7 Gbps.
802.11n - data transmission mode, the real speed is about four times higher than that of 802.11g (54 Mbps). But this is meant if the device that sends and receives is working in the 802.11n mode.
802.11n devices operate in the 2.4 - 2.5 or 5 GHz frequency range. Usually, the frequency is indicated in the documentation for the device, or on the packaging. The radius of action is 100 meters (may affect the speed).
IEEE 802.11n - fast Wi-Fi mode, only 802.11ac is faster (this is generally an unrealistically cool standard). 802.11n compatibility with older 802.11a / b / g is possible using the same frequency and channel.
You may think that I'm strange, but I don't like Wi-Fi - I don't know why, but somehow it constantly seems to me that it is not as stable as wires (twisted pair). Maybe because I only had USB adapters. In the future I want to take a Wi-Fi PCI card for myself, I hope that everything is stable there)) I am already silent about the fact that Wi-Fi USB without an antenna and the speed will decrease due to any walls .. But now in our apartment wires are lying around, and I agree - it's not very convenient ..))
As far as I understand, 802.11n is a good standard, since it already includes the characteristics of 802.11a / b / g.
However, it turns out that 802.11n is not compatible with previous standards. And as I understand it, this is the main reason why 802.11n is still not a very popular standard, and after all, it appeared in 2007. It seems that there is still compatibility - I wrote about this below.
Some characteristics of other standards:
There are many standards and some of them are very interesting for their purpose:
Look, here's 802.11p - determines the type of devices that travel within a radius of a kilometer at a speed of no more than 200 km .. can you imagine?)) This is technology !!
802.11n and router speed
Look, there may be such a situation - you need to increase the speed in the router. What to do? Your router can easily support the IEEE 802.11n standard. You need to open the settings, and somewhere there you can find an option for applying this standard, that is, for the device to work in this mode. If you have an ASUS router, the setting may look something like this:
In fact, the main thing is the letter N. If you have TP-Link, then the setting may look like this:
This is all for the router. I understand that there is little information - but at least now you know that the router has such a setting, but how to connect to the router .. it's better to look on the Internet, I confess that I am not strong in this. I just know I need to open an address .. something like 192.168.1.1, something like that ..
If you have a laptop, it can also support the IEEE 802.11n standard. And it is useful to install it if you, for example, create an access point from a laptop (yes, it is possible). Open the device manager, to do this, hold down the Win + R buttons and paste this command:
Then find your Wi-Fi adapter (it may be called a Broadcom 802.11n network adapter) - right-click and select Properties:
Go to the Advanced tab and find the 802.11n ad hoc mode item, select enable:
The setting can be called differently - Wireless Mode, Wireless Type, Wi-Fi Mode, Wi-Fi type. In general, you need to specify the data transfer mode. But the effect in terms of speed, as I already wrote, will be provided if both devices use the 802.11n standard.
I found such important information about compatibility:
Read about compatibility, as well as a lot of important information about the 802.11 standards here:
There is really a lot of valuable information, I advise you to take a look.
AdHoc Support 802.11n what is it? Should I turn it on or not?
AdHoc Support 802.11n or AdHoc 11n- support for the operation of a temporary AdHoc network, when the connection is possible between different devices. Used for fast data transfer. I did not find information about whether it is possible to organize the distribution of the Internet in the AdHoc network (but everything can be).
Officially, AdHoc limits the speed to 11g - 54 Mbps.
I found out an interesting moment - the speed of Wi-Fi 802.11g, as I already wrote, is 54 Mbps. However, it turns out that 54 is the total figure, that is, it is receiving and sending. So, in one direction the speed is 27 Mbit / s. But that's not all - 27 Mbit / s is the channel speed, which is possible under ideal conditions, it is unrealistic to achieve them - 30-40% of the channel is still interference in the form of mobile phones, all kinds of radiation, smart TVs with Wi-Fi and so on. As a result, the speed can actually be 18-20 Mbit / s, or even less. I will not argue - but it is possible that this also applies to other standards.
So do you need to turn it on or not? It turns out that unnecessarily - not necessary. Also, if I understand correctly, when you turn it on, a new local network will be created and perhaps you can still organize the Internet in it. In other words, it may be .. that with the help of AdHoc you can create a Wi-Fi hotspot. I just looked on the Internet - it seems like you can))
I just remember this .. once I bought myself a D-Link Wi-Fi adapter (it seems it was the D-Link N150 DWA-123 model) and there was no support for creating an access point. But here's the chip, it was either Chinese .. or something else .. in general, I found out that special unofficial drivers, semi-curves can be installed on it, and with the help of them you can create an access point .. And this point I seem to have worked with the help of AdHoc, unfortunately I don’t remember exactly - but it worked more or less tolerably.
Ad Hoc settings in the properties of the network card
Note - QoS is a prioritized traffic distribution technology. Provides the necessary high level of packet transfer for important processes / programs. In simple terms, QoS allows you to set a high priority for programs that need instant data transfer - online games, VoIP telephony, streaming, streaming and the like, probably also applies to Skype and Viber.
802.11 Preamble Long and Short - what is this setting?
Yes, these settings are a whole science. The portion of the frame that is transmitted by the 802.11 module is called the preamble. There can be a long (Long) and short (Short) preamble, and apparently this is indicated in the 802.11 Preamble (or Preamble Type) setting. The long preamble uses a 128-bit sync field, the short one 56-bit.
802.11 devices operating at 2.4 GHz are required to support long preambles when transmitting and receiving. 802.11g devices must be able to handle long and short preambles. Short preambles are optional on 802.11b devices.
The values in the 802.11 Preamble setting can be Long, Short, Mixed mode, Green field, Legacy mode. I will say right away - it is better not to touch these settings unnecessarily and leave the default value or, if available, select Auto (or Default).
What the Long and Short modes mean - we have already found out above. Now, briefly about other modes:
- Legacy mode... Data exchange mode between stations with one antenna.
- Mixed mode... Data transfer mode between MIMO systems (fast, but slower than Green field), and between regular stations (slow, since they do not support high speeds). The MIMO system defines a packet depending on the receiver.
- Green field... Transmission is possible between multi-antenna devices. When a MIMO transmission occurs, normal stations wait for the channel to clear to avoid collisions. In this mode, reception of data from devices operating in the above two modes is possible, but transmission to them is not. This is done in order to exclude single-antenna devices during data transmission, thereby maintaining a high transmission rate.
MIMO support what is it?
On a note. MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is a type of data transmission in which the channel is increased by spatial coding and data transmission is carried out by several antennas at the same time.
20.10.2018The Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) wireless communication protocol was developed back in 1996. Initially, it was intended for building local networks, but gained the greatest popularity as an effective method of connecting smartphones and other portable devices to the Internet.
For 20 years, the alliance of the same name has developed several generations of the connection, introducing faster and more functional updates every year. They are described by the 802.11 standards published by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers). The group includes several versions of the protocol, differing in data transfer speed and support for additional functions.
The very first Wi-Fi standard did not have a letter designation. The devices that support it exchange data at 2.4 GHz. The information transfer rate was only 1 Mbit / s. There were also devices with support for speeds up to 2 Mbps. It was actively used for only 3 years, after which it was improved. Each subsequent Wi-Fi standard is indicated by a letter after the general number (802.11a / b / g / n, etc.).
One of the first updates to the Wi-Fi standard, released in 1999. By doubling the frequency (to 5 GHz), the engineers were able to achieve theoretical speeds of up to 54 Mbps. It did not receive wide distribution, since it is incompatible with other versions by itself. Devices that support it must have a dual transceiver to operate on 2.4 GHz networks. Smartphones with Wi-Fi 802.11a are not widely used.
Wi-Fi standard IEEE 802.11b
The second early interface update, released in parallel with version a. The frequency remained the same (2.4 GHz), but the speed was increased to 5.5 or 11 Mbps (depending on the device). Until the end of the first decade of the 2000s, it was the most widely used standard for wireless networks. Compatibility with an older version, as well as a fairly large coverage radius, ensured its popularity. Despite being superseded by newer versions, 802.11b is supported by almost all modern smartphones.
Wi-Fi standard IEEE 802.11g
A new generation of Wi-Fi protocol was introduced in 2003. The developers left the data transfer rates the same, thanks to which the standard turned out to be fully compatible with the previous one (old devices worked at speeds up to 11 Mbit / s). The information transfer speed has increased to 54 Mbit / s, which was sufficient until recently. All modern smartphones work with 802.11g.
Wi-Fi standard IEEE 802.11n
In 2009, a large-scale update of the Wi-Fi standard was released. The new version of the interface received a significant increase in speed (up to 600 Mbps), while maintaining compatibility with the previous ones. To be able to work with 802.11a equipment, as well as to combat the congestion of the 2.4 GHz range, support for 5 GHz frequencies (parallel to 2.4 GHz) was returned.
The possibilities for configuring the network have been expanded and the number of simultaneous connections has been increased. Now it is possible to communicate in multi-stream MIMO mode (parallel transmission of several data streams at the same frequency) and to combine two channels for communication with one device. The first smartphones supporting this protocol were released in 2010.
Wi-Fi standard IEEE 802.11ac
In 2014, the new Wi-Fi standard IEEE 802.11ac was approved. It became a logical continuation of 802.11n, providing a tenfold increase in speed. Thanks to the ability to combine up to 8 channels (20 MHz each) simultaneously, the theoretical ceiling has increased to 6.93 Gbps. which is 24 times faster than 802.11n.
It was decided to abandon the 2.4 GHz frequency, due to the congestion of the range and the impossibility of combining more than 2 channels. Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11ac operates in the 5GHz band and is backward compatible with 802.11n (2.4GHz) devices, but operation with earlier versions is not guaranteed. Today, not all smartphones support it yet (for example, many state employees do not have support on MediaTek).
Other standards
There are versions of IEEE 802.11 marked with different letters. But they either make small amendments and additions to the standards listed above, or add specific functions (such as interoperability with other radio networks or security). It is worth highlighting 802.11y, which uses a non-standard 3.6 GHz frequency, as well as 802.11ad, which is designed for the 60 GHz band. The first was created to provide a communication range of up to 5 km, due to the use of a clear range. The second (also known as WiGig) is designed to provide a maximum (up to 7 Gbps) communication speed over ultra-short distances (within a room).
What is the best Wi-Fi standard for a smartphone
All modern smartphones are equipped with a Wi-Fi module designed to work with several versions of 802.11. In general, all interoperable standards are supported: b, g, and n. However, work with the latter can often be realized only at 2.4 GHz. Devices that are capable of operating on 5GHz 802.11n networks also feature 802.11a support as they are backward compatible.
Increasing the frequency increases the speed of data exchange. But, at the same time, the wavelength decreases, it is more difficult for it to pass through obstacles. Because of this, the theoretical communication range of 2.4 GHz will be higher than that of 5 GHz. In practice, however, the situation is slightly different.
The 2.4 GHz frequency turned out to be free, so consumer electronics use it. In addition to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth devices, transceivers of wireless keyboards and mice operate in this range, and magnetrons of microwave ovens emit in it. Therefore, in places where several Wi-Fi networks operate, the amount of interference neutralizes the range advantage. The signal will be caught even a hundred meters away, but the speed will be minimal, and the loss of data packets will be large.
The 5 GHz range is wider (5170 to 5905 MHz), less congested. Therefore, waves overcome obstacles (wall, furniture, human body) worse, but in conditions of direct visibility they provide a more stable connection. The inability to effectively overcome the walls turns into an advantage: you will not be able to catch the neighbor's Wi-Fi, but it will not interfere with your router or smartphone either.
However, it should be remembered that in order to achieve maximum speed, you also need a router that works with the same standard. In other cases, getting more than 150 Mbps will still not work.
Much depends on the router and its antenna type. Adaptive antennas are designed to locate the smartphone and send a directional signal to it that reaches further than other antenna types.
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