To demonstrate the deplorable state of medicine in Moldova, doctors there created a video in which they allegedly perform an operation on a child using a construction drill and rusty wire cutters. And this is against the backdrop of how in developed countries every day new, even more accurate and and technology. This review is devoted to the ten most interesting of them.
American researchers from Boston have come up with a way that allows a person to get along well without the need to breathe air. Just one injection is enough to ensure that your body is sufficiently supplied with oxygen within half an hour. This will eliminate the tracheotomy procedure and will be very useful in disaster medicine and military surgery.
Swedish scientists have come up with a way to turn an ordinary DVD player into a universal medical laboratory. It turns out that a laser for reading a disk can be used to analyze blood for various components, check DNA, and also search for the human immunodeficiency virus in submitted samples.
Scientists have created a device called Scanadu, which is a real embodiment of the tricorder known from the television series and films “Star Trek”. This small instrument will allow you to determine in a matter of seconds a person’s body temperature, blood pressure, electrocardiogram readings, heart rate and breathing rate, as well as the amount of oxygen in the blood.
The Israeli company Tikun Olam has sowed several fields in the north of the country with genetically modified hemp, which does not lead to drug intoxication, but will help doctors and patients in the treatment of cancer, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, post-traumatic stress disorder and some other ailments.
By the way, about hemp. In some US states, derivatives from this plant can be used for medical purposes, for example, to improve mood during depression or relieve pain from cancer. This remedy has become so popular that there is even a special Autospense machine selling it. However, when making a purchase you need not only to pay for the product, but also to indicate a unique digital code received from the treating doctor.
3D printers became widely available only a few years ago, but now they are being widely used not only by scientists, engineers and designers, but also by doctors who, using these technologies, create prosthetics and implants that replace amputated body parts and even bones.
Smart-E-Pants underwear is designed for bedridden patients who are at risk of developing bedsores. Every ten minutes it will send an electrical impulse that will cause the muscle to contract. And it doesn’t matter that this part of the person’s body has long been paralyzed.
The 2AI Labs research group has created O2amp glasses that can determine the oxygen saturation of a person’s skin, the concentration of hemoglobin in his blood and his heart rate. They can also help locate veins under the skin, identify internal and superficial injuries, and certain types of illnesses.
Dutch scientists from Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen have created a gel that does not melt when heated, but, on the contrary, hardens, making it look like thread-like protein structures. This substance can be used for injuries to stop bleeding and temporarily “repair” damaged organs, which will allow a person to survive until surgery.
Da Vinci is a robot that will not be able to play the guitar, as the creators of the film “Guest from the Future” dreamed of, but will easily carry out the most complex medical operations. True, under the control of a living person who will sit at the droid control panel standing next to it. This complex mechanism will allow you to automate many processes and carry out even the smallest manipulations as accurately and confidently as possible.
Today there is a colossal hunger for social innovation. All aspects of the social sphere need updating. Traditionally it was and is believed that the social sphere is very
conservative. People get used to living in certain conditions and are afraid
change even where it is desperately needed. Secondly, almost everything
innovations in the social sphere are adopted without taking into account the positions of the citizens themselves.
Unfortunately, we have not learned how to interact with people, how to prepare them
to innovative changes.
For example, how difficult is the process of switching to electronic media. Just
because many, especially older people, do not know the simplest
computer skills. Sometimes they don’t even know how to turn it on.
Therefore, a program to teach computer literacy to older people
did not arise by chance. Until we teach citizens to use the benefits
innovative achievements, we will continue to meet resistance from them
any changes.
Over the past three years, about 200 people have passed through the Center for Social Innovation
projects. But one of the first directions in which they began
innovative changes have become healthcare.
Innovations in the healthcare sector are carried out in the form of the creation of new technologies, medical devices, drugs,
therapeutic techniques, or organizational processes implemented inproduction of goods or provision of services.
From the perspective of innovation management, it is advisable to highlight
the following types of innovations in health care:
Medical technological innovations that involve the emergence of new methods
(methods, techniques) of prevention, diagnosis and treatment based on available drugs
(equipment) or new combinations of their use.
Organizational
innovation,
implementing
effective
restructuring
activities of the healthcare system, improving the organization of personnel work and
org. management structures.
Economic innovations ensuring the introduction of modern methods
planning, financing, stimulating and analyzing the activities of institutions
healthcare.
Information technology innovations aimed at
processes of collecting, processing, analyzing information flows in the industry.
automation
Medico-pharmaceutical,
medical-technical
innovation,
being
a type of medical technological innovation, but one that involves
imperative, use of new medicines (technical systems),
competitive in price and basic parameters of medical effectiveness. Innovation may be technical, involve the development or improvement of products, or
processes, or administrative, i.e. be aimed at improvement
organizational structure and processes for managing and carrying out work. Such innovations
can often be carried out independently of each other. However, in some cases
the implementation of innovations in one area may depend on or even require innovations in another.
Innovation always means a leap into a new area or an attempt to implement an innovation. IN
In this regard, the results of innovation activities do not always become obvious
immediately. On the contrary, the path to improvement can be paved over time.
for a long time, making many experimental attempts, both successful and not
very successful.
The unity of science, education and practice should ensure healthcare not only
fundamentally new ways of diagnosing and treating a wide variety of diseases, but also
modern methods of quality management in healthcare. Continuous progressive
the process of updating medical technologies, ensuring increased efficiency of treatment and
prevention, requires the formation and adequate financial support of targeted scientific
programs in priority areas of development of medicine and healthcare. Progress is obvious: 10 Russian innovative projects in the field of medicine
Steve Jobs envisioned that the greatest breakthroughs of the 21st century would come at the intersection of biology and science.
technologies that will lead to a new era of medicine. The trend of the last five years confirms his words:
the developments of modern scientists endow devices with the abilities of superheroes, which attracts more and more people
business attention. In Russia there are also incubators and separate clusters that support
exclusively high-tech startups related to the development of medicine. Innovation actively
are being introduced into various areas of healthcare, as well as into the system of interaction between doctors
with their patients. T&P has compiled a review of Russian projects illustrating the situation in the industry. Teledoctor
The Teledoctor service is a telephone clinic that plays the role of
an intermediary between patients and doctors in real clinics. In addition, in the state
“Teledoctors” consist of their own specialists who advise and conduct electronic
medical records of patients.
From a financial point of view, the service is quite affordable: a single request costs
from 180 rubles, annual subscription - from a thousand. The main advantage of the platform
is, after all, the principle of remote work on which it is built. The idea is that
from now on, patients do not need to waste time and effort waiting in queues: with the help
With just a phone call you can get access to the right specialist.
Russian Forbes recognized the project as the country's best startup in 2014. Oriense
Oriense develops high-tech assistance devices
visually impaired: the device is mounted on the chest of a blind or visually impaired person,
analyzes the environment and using a speech synthesizer
reports obstacles and ways to avoid them.
The device's stereo camera helps you navigate during daylight hours or
in illuminated rooms, as well as in the dark thanks to the infrared sensor.
The project has been developing since 2006 in St. Petersburg. Since the company's founding
became a resident of Skolkovo, and in March of this year took 3rd place in the world
final of the StartUp Cup competition. Medesk
Cloud medical CRM system founded in 2008 by Khabarovsk programmers
Dmitry Lazutkin and Vladimir Kovalsky. The first one got excited about this idea after
how I ended up in one of the Tokyo hospitals, where the paper bureaucracy was completely replaced
computers. Medesk is a medical platform for clinic management aimed at
to improve its efficiency.
Over the course of six years, the startup managed not only to cover a considerable territory of the Russian Federation (services were introduced
in 21 regions of the country) and receive the approval of Dmitry Medvedev. In 2013 he was ranked 15
the world's most promising digital health projects according to Stanford
university, and in 2014 became the winner of an international high-tech competition
companies The Cloud Innovation World Cup. Now the company is scaling, and in the foreseeable future
plans to connect clinics in Ukraine, Turkey, Brazil and Argentina to its system. VitaVallis
Tomsk company "Akvelit" was created in 2005 with the assistance of the Bortnik Foundation,
one of the few organizations supporting domestic innovative
projects. VitaVallis is a unique development of this company, which is
antimicrobial sorption material and wound healing dressings. This modern
An alternative to antibiotics, it protects against infections and is suitable for all types of wounds.
The principle of operation of the material is based on a safe mechanism in which growth
germs are suppressed within the dressing itself. Thus, the infection is destroyed
not toxically, as is the case with antibiotics, but physically. The innovation was developed
and tested by the Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch
RAS and can be widely used in surgery, dentistry and many other fields
medicine. My gene
“My Gene” is a Russian service for analyzing human DNA. The company is engaged
determination and analysis of the composition of the human genetic chain in order to obtain
the most diverse information about the body: from hereditary predisposition to certain
other diseases to the ethnicity of his distant ancestors.
All you need to do is pay for the order and hand over the saliva to the courier who arrives on call, using it
a specialist will analyze your genome, taking into account epidemiological data
across the territories of the Russian Federation. The project was created with the assistance of scientists from the Russian Academy of Sciences
and young businessmen. The idea came to Russia from Western countries, where a similar service
appeared three years ago. "AnalysisMarket"
The project will compare prices for laboratory tests, ECG, ultrasound and other functional
research and will offer the best option based on the location of the laboratory
or clinics. Here you can read descriptions of the tests and make a preliminary
order, and also find out about possible discounts. The project covers not only Russian
clinics, but also Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine. For service users
"AnalysisMarket" is free. 3D Bioprinting Solutions
Thanks to the efforts of Russian innovators, printing organs on 3D printers is becoming increasingly
more real. The “3D Bioprinting Solutions” project was created in 2013 and represents
laboratory, which is engaged in the construction of a device with three-dimensional technology
bioprinting of organs and tissues of the human body, as well as the printing itself.
The company's specialists presented the first domestic 3D bioprinter with its own
configuration and design. Scientific leader of the team - Vladimir Alexandrovich
Mironov, professor at the University of Virginia, author of the first publication on printing
organs. "Infodoctor"
A free online service connecting patients and private doctors in Moscow
clinics “Infodoctor” works on the principle of ordering air tickets online. Client
fills in the search criteria: doctor’s specialization, city district and desired cost
initial appointment, and then selects the appropriate option, that is, makes an appointment with a doctor,
working in one of the project’s partner clinics.
The project is growing: several hundred patients access the company’s services every day,
and the platform’s database consists of more than five thousand doctors from 443 Moscow clinics. Exists
and the service application of the same name for iPhone and iPad. "Life Button"
A project designed to help older people, people with disabilities in case of an accident, deterioration
health or fall caused by it. According to statistics, 30% of elderly people over 65 fall
once a year or more often. Half the time they can't get up and get help.
on your own if no one is around.
The device itself is a mobile phone with a single button configured
to an emergency call. There is also a built-in GPS tracker, thanks to which the dispatcher
automatically sees a person's location. The “life button” works around the clock. After
determining the reason for the call, the doctor on duty contacts the necessary assistance service: ambulance,
police or the Ministry of Emergency Situations, and notifies relatives or caregivers. The “Life Button” project became
the best socially significant startup according to several ratings, and also made it to the finals
startup competition from Forbes. iHematologist
The project was developed by the young company Liandri Healthcare, founded by Moscow
students and has already managed to interest the Skolkovo Foundation. Medical expert
The iHematologist system allows you to get a transcript of the blood test and diagnose
more than 50 syndromes and diseases without leaving home. The patient simply needs to enter
the results of your blood test in an electronic form on the website and receive a test in return,
done automatically by the system. The authors of the service emphasize that their project
does not replace an appointment with a real hematologist, but only serves the purpose of obtaining a primary
consultation. Dengvaxia - the first dengue vaccine
Dengue fever, spread by the yellow fever mosquito, affects 400 million people
annually. The disease causes fever, excruciating headaches, nausea, and sometimes leads to
to death. About 40% of the population is at risk, and increasing
climate change could further increase this percentage. Dengvaxia from Sanofi Pasteur became
the first dengue vaccine that protects against all strains of the virus. For its development
It took scientists 20 years. The vaccine has received WHO approval, and residents of Brazil and the Philippines
have already been able to receive Dengvaxia vaccinations. Containing the virus will cost $9 billion a year
reduce the losses that dengue causes to the global economy. Probuphine implant for the treatment of opioid addiction
When treating opioid addiction, skipping one or two doses is enough
replacement drug, and the condition will worsen again. Probuphine implants
from Braeburn Pharmaceuticals are sewn under the skin where they remain for
six months. Four matchstick-sized sticks of Probuphine consistently deliver
a dose of buprenorphine, a substance that makes the syndrome easier to bear
opioid withdrawal. The development has already received approval from the Department
Food and Drug Administration (FDA). IMLYGIC - virus against cancer
Scientists have long known that viruses can cause the immune system
attack cancer, but it took time to debug and modify these viruses.
Amgen's viral melanoma drug IMLYGIC receives
FDA approval at the end of 2015. It is based on a modified virus
herpes - when injected into a tumor, it can provoke an immune response
against cancer. Absorb - soluble cardiostent
Metal stents are small tubes that help unclog
and treat arteries - are widely used in cardiac surgery. Often around
metal plaques begin to form, which is not beneficial for the patient. Stent
Abbott's Absorb is made from a bioabsorbable polylactide polymer,
which has the same therapeutic effect and then dissolves
in organism. Clinical trials have shown that it is in no way inferior
metal analogues. Thermo - high-speed thermometer
To measure temperature using modern thermometers,
which are placed under the tongue can take up to three minutes. Thermo
from Withings performs the same task in a couple of seconds, and
The measurement takes place in a non-contact manner. Device
equipped with 16 infrared sensors that collect
more than 4000 parameters when applied to the temporal artery.
The thermometer costs $109. Autonomous robotic surgeon STAR
Developed by the Danish National Medical Center
STAR robot copes with one of the most difficult tasks
in surgery - by stitching together intestinal tissue. Special
The touch system helps the device work correctly
surgical instruments - somewhere to press harder, somewhere
weaker. An experiment on pig intestines showed that
that the robot copes with the task better than people and than machines,
assisted by people. Second Skin - second skin with increased elasticity
Sunburn, wrinkles, pigmentation - soon these inevitable
age markers can be hidden, and perhaps
and prevent. Elastic polymer Second Skin from Olivo Lab
applied to the skin as a protective covering and visually
adds youth. The coating can also be used as
a delivery vehicle for medications, such as eczema ointments, or
sunscreen. Nima - pocket gluten detector
Patients with celiac disease - gluten intolerance - when ordering meals
forced to rely on the honesty of the cook, in the hope that the food
It really won't be gluten free. Nima allows you to test your food
on one's own. $199 miniature device detects gluten
even at 20 parts per million, the lower limit set by the FDA.
In the future, the startup plans to create detectors for other allergens, for example,
peanuts Freestyle Libre - needle-free glucometer
People with insulin-dependent diabetes have to have their blood drawn
from the finger up to 10 times a day. Abbott's device eliminates this painful
necessary. It is enough to install a tiny sensor under the skin, which
Continuously monitors blood sugar levels. To find out the indicators,
you need to bring a small scanning device to it. Research
showed that patients using the Freestyle Libre experienced a 38% reduction in
low sugar level. Fast and cheap test for Zika virus
The main threat posed by the Zika virus is the likelihood of developing
birth defects in the fetus, while the mother of the child may not even suspect
that she is sick. Traditional laboratory tests require several
days for diagnosis, and in rural areas there are almost no specialized
laboratories. Scientists from MIT have created a paper test that gives results already
in three hours. If blood that is infected comes into contact with the surface of the card
Zika, then the yellow dots turn purple. Kovanaze nasal spray as anesthesia at the dentist
The most unpleasant part about installing a filling is the injection
anesthesia. Spray from St. Renatus has exactly the same effect as
like an injection. It is enough to spray twice into the nostril that
is closest to the diseased tooth - and treatment of caries
it will pass painlessly.
Medical informatics Information processes are present in all
fields of medicine and healthcare. From them
orderliness depends on the clarity of functioning
industry as a whole and the efficiency of its management.
Classification of medical information systems
The key link in healthcare informatization isInformation system.
The classification of medical information systems is based on
hierarchical principle and corresponds to a multi-level structure
healthcare. There are:
1. basic level medical information systems
2. medical information systems at the level of medical institutions.
3. medical information systems at the territorial level.
4. federal level, intended for information
support of the state level of the health care system.
Medical instrumentation and computer systems
Medical instrument and computer systemsAn important type of specialized medical
information systems are medical instrument-computer systems (MPCS).
The IPC can be divided into three main components:
medical, hardware and software.
In relation to MPS, medical support includes:
ways to implement the selected range of medical tasks,
solved in accordance with the capabilities of the hardware and
software parts of the system.
Medical diagnostics
Development and implementation of information systems in the field of medicaltechnology is a fairly urgent task. Application Analysis
personal computers in medical institutions shows that computers
mainly used for processing text documentation, storing and
database processing, statistics. Part of the computer is used in conjunction with
various diagnostic and therapeutic devices. In most of these
areas of computer use, standard software is used
software - text editors, DBMS, etc. Therefore, the creation
information organizational and technical system capable
establish a patient’s diagnosis in a timely and reliable manner and select
effective treatment tactics is an urgent task
informatization.
Monitoring systems
The task of promptly assessing a patient’s condition arises in a number of ways.very important practical directions in medicine and, first of all,
queue during continuous monitoring of the patient in the wards
intensive care, operating rooms and post-operative
departments.
In this case, it is required on the basis of long and continuous
analysis of a large volume of data characterizing the state
physiological systems of the body provide not only operational
diagnosis of complications during treatment, but also prognosis of the condition
patient, as well as determine the optimal correction of emerging
violations.
Treatment process management systems
Management systems for treatment and rehabilitation processes includeautomated intensive care systems, biological
feedback, as well as prosthetics and artificial organs created
based on microprocessor technology.
One of the main ways to solve a number of medical, social and
economic problems currently present
informatization of the work of medical personnel. To these problems
relate to the search for effective tools that can provide
improving the three most important health care indicators: quality
treatment, level of patient safety, economic
effectiveness of medical care. Basic link
informatization is the use of modern
clinical information systems equipped with mechanisms
decision support.
Telemedicine
Telemedicine is a complex of modern diagnostic and treatment techniques that involve remotehealth information management.
The emergence of telemedicine is usually associated with medical
control during space flights. It was originally
measuring vital signs in animals
spacecraft, then astronauts.
Requirements for information systems in medicine
Scientists say that the place of the information systemin an enterprise is the same as that of the nervous system in
human body. Just like health
a person largely depends on
state of his nervous system (it is known that all
diseases - “from nerves”), and vitality
enterprise largely depends on its
information system. Information support of any enterprise is constant
develops - this is the law.
The system can be represented as a building, the foundation of which
we are laying down the information environment, software
products and logistics,
including PCs, servers, local network, devices. On
this foundation is loaded with information, increasing
number of users and growing
functionality.
you should pay attention to which database is used in
application and in what development environment it was made.
